Definition
A cystogram uses contrast dye to create pictures of the:
- Bladder
- Ureters—tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
- Urethra—the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body
Reasons for Procedure
A cystogram helps your doctor gain more information about the urinary system. For example, if you are having urine leakage, your doctor may be able to find the cause.
A cystogram can also be used to diagnose conditions like:
- Vesicoureteral reflux—urine flows from the bladder back towards the kidneys
- Bladder distention—enlargement of the bladder
- Bladder irregularities, such as bladder cancer and incomplete voiding
Possible Complications
Problems from the test are rare. But all procedures have some risk. Your doctor will review potential problems, like:
- Urinary tract infection due to the catheter being inserted
- Bleeding due to the catheter being inserted
- Discomfort during urination, which may last several hours
- Allergic reaction to the contrast dye
Talk to your doctor about these risks before the procedure.
What to Expect
Prior to Procedure
There are no special steps to take before a cystogram. But it is important that you tell your doctor if you:
Description of the Procedure
You will be asked to lie on a table. A catheter will be inserted into the urethra and positioned into the bladder. A contrast dye will travel through the catheter and into the bladder to fill it. When your bladder is full, x-rays will be taken of the ureters, bladder, and urethra. You will be asked to remain still while the images are taken. You may also need to move into different positions.
If your doctor needs to see how your urethra is functioning, you may be asked to urinate into a bedpan while x-rays are taken. Additional images may be needed after you have emptied your bladder.
When all the images have been taken, the catheter will be removed.
How Long Will It Take?
About 1 hour
Will It Hurt?
You may have some discomfort when:
- The catheter is placed into the urethra
- The contrast dye goes into the bladder
Post-procedure Care
You will be able to go home after the test.
When you return home, take these steps:
- Resume your normal activities.
- Drink plenty of fluids. This will help flush the contrast dye from your bladder.
You may notice a small amount of blood in your urine and have some discomfort during urination. These are common side effects after a cystogram. They will go away within a few hours.
Your doctor should have the results in a few days. Be sure to follow-up with your doctor.